Our Sydney API projects cover design, development, security, documentation, and operations. API design (weeks 1-2): designing APIs before writing code. We follow: REST principles (resource-based URLs, standard HTTP methods, proper status codes, HATEOAS links) — or GraphQL for APIs serving multiple frontend applications with different data needs. API-first design: the API specification (OpenAPI 3.1) written before implementation — enabling: frontend and backend development to proceed in parallel (frontend developers coding against the specification while backend developers implement it), contract testing (automated tests verifying that the implementation matches the specification), and documentation generation (API documentation generated from the specification — always accurate because it's the source of truth). Naming conventions: following the Australian Government API Design Standard where applicable — consistent, predictable, and developer-friendly. Versioning strategy: URL-based versioning (v1, v2) for REST APIs with a documented deprecation policy — giving API consumers minimum 6 months notice before removing an API version. Pagination, filtering, sorting: standardized across all endpoints — developers learn the patterns once and apply them everywhere. Error handling: consistent error response format across all endpoints — error code, human-readable message, and machine-readable detail — enabling API consumers to build reliable error handling. API development (weeks 2-6): implementing the API. Technology stack: Node.js with Express or Fastify (for high-performance REST APIs — Fastify handling 30,000+ requests per second per instance), or NestJS for larger APIs requiring structured architecture (modules, dependency injection, decorator-based routing). GraphQL: implemented with Apollo Server when the use case justifies GraphQL complexity (multiple frontend applications, complex data relationships, bandwidth-sensitive mobile applications). Database: PostgreSQL (Prisma ORM for type-safe database access), with Redis for caching frequently accessed data and rate limiting. Authentication: OAuth 2.0 with JWT tokens for standard APIs — or FAPI (Financial-grade API) for financial services APIs requiring stronger security (mutual TLS, signed request objects, proof-of-possession tokens). Authorization: role-based access control (RBAC) or attribute-based access control (ABAC) — defining precisely which API consumers can access which resources and operations. Rate limiting: tiered rate limits based on API consumer plan — protecting the API from abuse and ensuring fair access for all consumers. Implemented using Redis (token bucket algorithm) or AWS API Gateway throttling. Input validation: strict validation of all API inputs using Zod (TypeScript schema validation) — rejecting malformed requests before they reach business logic. Output sanitization: ensuring API responses don't leak sensitive data (internal IDs, database structure, error stack traces). API security (weeks 3-5): implementing security controls appropriate to the data sensitivity. OWASP API Security Top 10: testing and protecting against: broken object-level authorization (API consumers accessing objects they shouldn't), broken authentication (weak token validation, insecure token storage), excessive data exposure (API responses containing more data than the consumer needs), lack of resources and rate limiting (no throttling, enabling DoS attacks), and broken function-level authorization (consumers accessing admin endpoints). For APRA-regulated APIs: additional security controls per CPS 234 — mutual TLS, API gateway with WAF (Web Application Firewall), request signing, and comprehensive audit logging. For health data APIs: additional controls per the Privacy Act and My Health Records Act — minimum necessary data exposure, patient consent verification, and access logging. Penetration testing: API-specific penetration testing (not just web application pentesting) — testing authentication bypass, authorization escalation, injection attacks, and business logic exploitation. API documentation (weeks 4-6): creating developer-friendly documentation. We produce: interactive API documentation (Swagger UI or Redoc — generated from the OpenAPI specification, allowing developers to test API calls directly from the documentation), getting started guide (step-by-step guide for API consumers — authentication, first API call, common patterns, error handling), code examples (in JavaScript, Python, and cURL — the three most common languages API consumers use), and changelogs (documenting every API change with migration guidance for breaking changes). API operations (ongoing): monitoring, alerting, and maintenance. We implement: API monitoring (response time, error rate, throughput — per endpoint and per API consumer), alerting (anomaly detection — sudden increase in error rate, response time exceeding SLA, unexpected traffic patterns), logging (structured API request/response logging — enabling debugging, audit, and analytics), and analytics (API usage analytics — which endpoints are most used, which consumers generate the most traffic, which endpoints are slow — informing optimization and capacity planning).